vezelcementum

Vezelcementum, or fiber cementum, is a form of tooth root cementum in which bundles of extrinsic collagen fibers from the periodontal ligament are embedded within the cementum matrix. It is typically classified as acellular extrinsic fiber cementum, meaning it contains Sharpey's fibers but lacks cementocytes in lacunae.

Location and structure: Vezelcementum is usually found in the cervical (near the crown) portion of the root, where periodontal ligament fibers insert into the root surface. It forms a relatively thin to moderately thick layer, and its collagen fibers extend from the periodontal ligament into the cementum, helping to anchor the tooth to the surrounding support structures.

Development and formation: Cementoblasts lay down cementum on the root surface after tooth eruption. As this matrix forms, the extrinsic fibers from the periodontal ligament become incorporated as Sharpey's fibers, creating a direct attachment between cementum and the ligament.

Function: The primary role of vezelcementum is to provide mechanical anchorage for the tooth by linking the cementum with the periodontal ligament. This arrangement helps transmit occlusal forces to the surrounding bone and contributes to the stability of the tooth within its socket.

Clinical and histological notes: Vezelcementum is one component of the periodontal attachment apparatus and is distinguished from cellular cementum, which contains cementocytes. Its integrity is important for periodontal health, and it can be involved in regeneration and attachment therapies aimed at restoring the connection between tooth and supporting tissues.