varfërisë

Varfëri, or varfërisë in its grammatical form, is the Albanian term for poverty. It denotes the condition in which individuals or households lack sufficient resources to meet basic needs such as food, housing, healthcare, and education. In Albanian discourse, varfëria is discussed in both income-based terms and multidimensional terms that include living standards and access to services.

Measurement relies on national surveys and international indicators. Income or consumption poverty rates are commonly used, along with multidimensional poverty indices that assess deprivation in health, education, housing, and employment.

Causes are varied and include slow or unequal economic growth, unemployment or informal work, low wages, limited access to quality education and health care, geographic disparities, gender inequality, and exposure to shocks such as disasters or pandemics.

Varfëria affects development, health, and social inclusion, limiting children's education, reducing life opportunities, and increasing vulnerability to debt, housing insecurity, and migration.

Policy responses emphasize social protection and inclusive growth: cash transfers, pension and unemployment benefits, investment in education and health, affordable housing, and programs to create jobs, particularly in rural areas. Effective targeting and governance are essential.

Globally, varfëria is addressed within Albania, Kosovo, and neighboring regions as part of efforts to reduce poverty and meet Sustainable Development Goals.