valitsusvormides

Valitsusvormides refers to the different ways in which a state is governed. These forms are characterized by how political power is distributed, who holds it, and how it is exercised. The most fundamental distinction is often between democratic and non-democratic systems.

In democratic valitsusvormides, supreme power is vested in the people and exercised by them directly or indirectly through a system of representation usually involving periodically held free elections. Examples include parliamentary republics, presidential republics, and constitutional monarchies. In a parliamentary system, the executive branch derives its legitimacy from and is held accountable to the legislature. A presidential system separates the executive and legislative branches. Constitutional monarchies blend a monarch as head of state with a democratically elected government.

Non-democratic valitsusvormides concentrate power in the hands of a single person or a small group, with limited or no political participation from the general populace. This category encompasses absolute monarchies, dictatorships, and totalitarian regimes. In an absolute monarchy, a monarch holds unchecked power. Dictatorships are characterized by rule imposed by one person or a small group without effective constitutional limitations. Totalitarianism extends state control into virtually all aspects of public and private life. The specific structures and titles within these forms can vary significantly across different countries and historical periods.