utangpiutang

Utangpiutang is a term used in Indonesian accounting to refer to the balance of debts and receivables within a business. Utang, or debt, encompasses obligations the entity owes to others—such as loans, supplier credit, accrued expenses, and other liabilities. Piutang, or receivable, covers claims the entity has against others—such as accounts receivable from customers and other receivables. The combined notion reflects the two main sides of a company's financial position: liabilities and assets from credit sales and other receivables.

Utang is usually classified as current liabilities (utang lancar) if due within one year, or non-current for longer maturities. Piutang is generally a current asset (piutang dagang) if expected to be collected within a year, with other receivables grouped separately. The distinction helps in assessing liquidity and working capital.

Recognition and measurement: Piutang arises when a sale or service is delivered on credit; utang arises when a borrowing or obligation is created. Initial recognition is typically at fair value; piutang may be measured at net realisable value if impairment exists, while utang is measured at the amount owed, including interest where applicable. Over time, allowances for doubtful accounts may be set up for piutang; interest accrues on certain utang. Write-offs reduce receivables or liabilities accordingly.

Financial statements and usage: Utang and piutang appear on the balance sheet as liabilities and assets, respectively, and influence working capital and liquidity. In cash flow analysis, changes in piutang and utang affect operating cash flows. In everyday Indonesian business language, utangpiutang is sometimes used to describe overall credit relations, but in formal accounting the terms are treated separately as accounts payable (utang) and accounts receivable (piutang).