täitmisõigusega

Täitmisõigus refers to the legal right and process in Estonia that allows a creditor to enforce a judgment or court order against a debtor. This concept is central to ensuring that legal decisions are upheld and that parties can recover debts or fulfill obligations as determined by a court. The process is typically initiated when a debtor fails to voluntarily comply with a court's ruling, such as a monetary payment or the transfer of property.

The enforcement of judgments is primarily carried out by bailiffs (täiturid). Bailiffs are authorized officials who act as intermediaries between the creditor and the debtor to execute the court's decision. Their powers are extensive and include the ability to seize and sell the debtor's assets, garnish wages, and impose other measures to satisfy the debt. The aim is to compel the debtor to meet their legal obligations.

To initiate the Täitmisõigus process, the creditor must obtain an enforcement order (täitedokument) from the court. This order is a formal document that legally authorizes the bailiff to commence enforcement actions. The creditor then presents this order to the bailiff's office, usually specifying the debtor's assets or income that can be targeted. The bailiff then reviews the case, notifies the debtor, and proceeds with the enforcement measures outlined in the order. The specific procedures and powers of bailiffs are governed by Estonian law, particularly the Law of Enforcement Procedure.