twopore

Twopore is a term used in materials science to describe materials and devices that combine two distinct pore size regimes to create hierarchical porosity. The dual networks typically feature micropores (<2 nm) that provide adsorption sites and mesopores (2–50 nm) that enable rapid diffusion. In some implementations, the two pore systems are interconnected within a shared scaffold to form connected transport channels.

Synthesis commonly employs templating and phase-separation methods, such as sacrificial templating, hard templating with silica nanoparticles, block copolymer self-assembly, or templated metal-organic frameworks. Post-treatment steps remove templates and tailor pore connectivity and size distribution. Realized Twopore structures include carbon-based networks, silica- and MOF-derived materials, and bimodal polymer membranes.

Key properties include high surface area, tunable pore distributions, and adjustable permeability. The combination of adsorption in micropores with fast transport in mesopores supports improved performance in catalysis, energy storage, and separations. Challenges include achieving reproducible pore connectivity and stability under chemical or thermal stress.

Applications span energy storage electrodes, gas and liquid separations, heterogeneous catalysis, water treatment, and sensors. Research emphasizes scalable fabrication, modeling of transport in bimodal networks, and integration into composite materials.

Related concepts include hierarchical porosity, microporous and mesoporous materials, and dual-channel membranes. Further reading includes reviews on bimodal porosity in polymers and inorganic frameworks.