tuggummi

Tuggummi, or chewing gum, is a sweetened or flavored confection intended to be chewed but not swallowed. It is used for freshening breath, enjoyment, or other sensory effects.

A typical gum comprises a gum base (which can be natural or synthetic), sweeteners, softeners, flavorings, and sometimes colorings. Modern bases often use synthetic polymers such as polyisobutylene or other blends; earlier varieties relied on natural chicle. Sugared gums use sugar as a sweetener, while sugar-free versions use xylitol, sorbitol, or other sugar substitutes.

History: Substances with chewing properties date back to ancient times, but mass-produced chewing gum emerged in the 19th century in North America. The first commercially successful gum products were chicle-based; after World War II synthetic bases became common, expanding production and flavors.

Health and safety: Chewing gum is generally safe in moderation. Sugar-containing gum can contribute to dental caries if oral hygiene is neglected, whereas sugar-free gum may help reduce plaque and promote saliva flow after meals. Swallowing gum is not recommended, and some individuals may be allergic to components of gum bases or flavorings.

Regulation and market: Gums are widely available and subject to labeling and safety regulations. Environmental concerns about discarded gum have led to policies in some jurisdictions. Varieties include mint, fruit, and novelty flavors, as well as specialty gums such as bubble gum.