trombotsütoosia

Trombotsütoos, also known as thrombocytosis, is a medical condition characterized by an abnormally high number of platelets in the blood. Platelets, also called thrombocytes, are small, irregular-shaped cell fragments that play a crucial role in blood clotting. A normal platelet count typically ranges from 150,000 to 450,000 platelets per microliter of blood. In trombotsütoos, this count exceeds this normal range.

There are two main types of trombotsütoos: primary (or essential) trombotsütoos and secondary (or reactive) trombotsütoos. Primary trombotsütoos is a myeloproliferative neoplasm, meaning it arises from a problem in the bone marrow where platelets are produced. Essential thrombocythemia is the most common form of primary trombotsütoos, often linked to genetic mutations. Secondary trombotsütoos occurs as a response to another underlying condition. Common triggers include infections, inflammation, iron deficiency anemia, certain cancers, and post-splenectomy states (after removal of the spleen).

The symptoms of trombotsütoos can vary. Many individuals may be asymptomatic, and the condition is often discovered incidentally during routine blood tests. When symptoms do occur, they can include bleeding (such as nosebleeds or bruising), blood clots (thrombosis) in arteries or veins, headaches, dizziness, or a burning sensation in the hands and feet. The increased risk of blood clots is a significant concern associated with trombotsütoos. Treatment depends on the type and severity of the condition and may involve medications to lower platelet count, aspirin to prevent clots, and management of the underlying cause in cases of secondary trombotsütoos.