traqueitis

Tracheitis is an inflammation of the trachea, also known as the windpipe. It is a relatively uncommon condition, often caused by a bacterial infection, most commonly Staphylococcus aureus. Viral infections can also lead to tracheitis, though this is less frequent. The inflammation can cause swelling and mucus production in the trachea, which narrows the airway and makes breathing difficult.

Symptoms of tracheitis can include a harsh, barking cough, fever, sore throat, and noisy breathing, known as stridor. In severe cases, children may experience difficulty breathing, leading to retractions of the chest or abdomen during inhalation. While tracheitis can affect individuals of any age, it is more prevalent in children under the age of three.

Diagnosis is typically made based on clinical presentation and symptoms. A doctor may listen to the child's breathing and observe for signs of airway obstruction. In some instances, imaging tests such as a neck X-ray may be performed, although they are not always definitive. A definitive diagnosis can be made via direct visualization of the trachea with a laryngoscope, though this is usually reserved for severe or atypical cases.

Treatment for bacterial tracheitis usually involves hospitalization and intravenous antibiotics to combat the infection. Oxygen therapy may be necessary to assist with breathing. In cases where airway obstruction is severe, the child may require intubation to secure their airway. Viral tracheitis is often treated with supportive care, focusing on managing symptoms and ensuring adequate hydration. Prompt medical attention is crucial, especially in young children, to prevent complications.