trappa

Trappa is a term used in several languages to denote a staircase or flight of steps that connects different levels within a building or outdoor space. In Swedish, trappa specifically refers to a set of steps, while related terms exist in other languages for similar structures. The concept encompasses a range of designs used to move between floors or levels safely and efficiently.

A typical staircase consists of treads (the horizontal surfaces), risers (the vertical portions), and is supported by stringers or a structural framework. Landings may appear between flights to provide rest points and direction changes. Handrails and balustrades run along one or both sides to offer support and safety. The overall dimensions and configuration are influenced by the intended use, available space, and building codes.

Common designs include straight-flight stairs, L-shaped stairs with a 90-degree turn, U-shaped or horseshoe stairs with two quarter-turn landings, and spiral or curved stairs. Materials vary by setting and climate; indoor stairs are often wood, metal, or composite, while outdoor stairs favor concrete, stone, or engineered stone and weather-resistant finishes. Finishes, tread textures, and lighting affect usability and aesthetics.

Safety and standards are central to stair design. Codes typically address uniform rise and tread dimensions, headroom, width, handrail height, and slip resistance. Proper maintenance, adequate lighting, and non-slip surfaces are important for preventing accidents. Historically, staircases have played both functional and symbolic roles in architecture, evolving from practical access routes to complex, statement-making elements in ornate buildings.