transizione

Transizione is a term used across disciplines to describe the process of passing from one state, condition, or stage to another. Its etymology traces to the Latin transītio, from trans- “across” and -ītio “going.” In general, a transizione implies movement over time, often involving gradual evolution or a turning point.

In science, a phase transition refers to a change in the state of matter or in organizational order, such as solid to liquid or liquid to gas, and can include more complex changes in magnetic or superconducting properties. Phase transitions can occur suddenly at a critical point or unfold progressively as external conditions, like temperature or pressure, vary.

In social, political, and economic contexts, transizione describes structured changes in systems and institutions. Typical examples include political regime transitions (from one form of governance to another), economic or structural transitions (from agriculture-based to industrial or service-oriented economies), and demographic transitions (shifts in birth and death rates leading to population stabilization). The term is also used for energy transitions, referring to the move from fossil fuels toward renewable and low-carbon energy sources, with implications for technology, policy, and behavior.

Transitions are usually guided by planning, policy measures, technological innovation, and social adaptation. They involve multiple stakeholders, require time, and entail uncertainties. Metrics to assess progress vary by domain and may include emissions reductions, changes in energy mix, demographic indicators, or indicators of governance and economic structure.