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Transient voltage suppressors, often abbreviated as TVS diodes or transorbs, are semiconductor devices designed to protect electronic circuits from transient overvoltage events. These events, which can be caused by lightning strikes, electrostatic discharge (ESD), or switching surges, can deliver a significant amount of energy in a very short period, potentially damaging sensitive electronic components. A TVS diode acts by clamping the voltage to a safe level. When the voltage across the TVS diode exceeds its breakdown voltage, it rapidly transitions from a high impedance state to a low impedance state, effectively shunting the transient current away from the protected circuit. Once the transient event subsides and the voltage drops below the TVS diode's clamping voltage, it returns to its high impedance state. They are characterized by their standoff voltage, breakdown voltage, and clamping voltage, as well as their peak pulse power and response time. TVS diodes are available in various configurations, including unidirectional and bidirectional types, suitable for protecting different types of circuits and AC or DC lines. Their fast response time and ability to absorb significant amounts of energy make them a critical component in safeguarding modern electronics.