transfuusioireet

Transfuusioireet, also known as transfusion reactions, are adverse events that occur during or after blood transfusion. They can range from mild to severe and may involve various body systems. The most common type is a hemolytic reaction, where the recipient's immune system attacks the donor's red blood cells, leading to hemolysis and potential kidney failure. Other types include febrile non-hemolytic reactions, which cause fever and chills, and allergic reactions, which may manifest as hives, itching, or anaphylaxis.

Transfuusioireet are typically classified based on their onset: immediate (within 1 hour of transfusion), delayed (1-24 hours after transfusion), and late (more than 24 hours after transfusion). Immediate reactions are often due to ABO or Rh incompatibility, while delayed reactions may be immune-mediated or due to transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI).

Prevention strategies include thorough screening of donor blood, cross-matching, and careful monitoring of recipients during and after transfusion. Treatment depends on the type and severity of the reaction. Mild reactions may require supportive care, while severe reactions may necessitate discontinuation of the transfusion and supportive care in an intensive care unit.

Transfuusioireet are relatively rare but can be life-threatening. They underscore the importance of careful blood management practices to minimize risks and ensure the safety of blood transfusions.