tolueendiisotsüanaati

Tolueendiisotsüanaati, often abbreviated as TDI, is an organic compound with the chemical formula C9H6N2O2. It is a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a sharp odor. TDI is a member of the diisocyanate family, characterized by the presence of two isocyanate functional groups (-NCO). It is primarily produced as a mixture of two isomers: 2,4-toluenediisocyanate and 2,6-toluenediisocyanate, with the 2,4-isomer being the more abundant one.

The main application of TDI is in the production of polyurethane foams. These flexible foams are widely used in furniture upholstery, mattresses, automotive seating, and packaging. TDI reacts with polyols, a type of alcohol, to form the polymer chains that constitute polyurethane. The specific properties of the resulting foam, such as its density and firmness, can be controlled by adjusting the type and ratio of TDI and polyol used, as well as other additives.

Beyond flexible foams, TDI is also used in the manufacture of coatings, adhesives, sealants, and elastomers. These applications often utilize the durable and flexible properties imparted by the polyurethane structure. Due to the reactive nature of the isocyanate groups, TDI requires careful handling. It is an irritant to the skin, eyes, and respiratory system, and prolonged exposure can lead to respiratory sensitization. Therefore, industrial processes involving TDI are carried out under strict safety protocols.