tillkomma

Tillkomma is a Swedish verb meaning to be added or to arise, especially in the sense that something appears in addition to what is already present. It is commonly used in administrative, financial, and formal prose to indicate that new elements such as costs, responsibilities, or conditions have appeared.

Etymology and sense: The verb is formed from till- meaning “to” or “in addition” and komma, meaning “to come.” It is distinct from the noun for the punctuation mark comma, which in Swedish is usually called kommatecken; in this context tillkomma has no relation to punctuation.

Conjugation and usage: The present tense is tillkommer, the past tense tillkom, and the supine tillkommit. The perfect is formed with har tillkommit. Swedish allows impersonal constructions, for example “Det tillkommer en avgift” or “Nya kostnader tillkommer.” The expression can also be used with a following clause to introduce additional information, though the more common approach is to place the clause after the main statement.

Usage notes: Tillkomma is prevalent in written Swedish, particularly in reports, budgets, contracts, and other formal texts. It conveys that something was not originally included but has later been added or has arisen.

See also: The verb is related to other “come/occur” verbs in Swedish, such as uppkomma, förekomma, and föreligga, and it should not be confused with kommatecken, the punctuation mark for comma. Examples and context help determine the preferred construction in a given sentence.