tetrahydrofolaatti

Tetrahydrofolaatti is the metabolically active form of folate, also known as vitamin B9. It plays a crucial role in numerous biochemical reactions within the body, primarily involving the transfer of one-carbon units. These reactions are essential for the synthesis of purines and pyrimidines, which are the building blocks of DNA and RNA. Consequently, tetrahydrofolaatti is vital for cell division and growth, making it particularly important during periods of rapid development such as pregnancy and infancy.

Beyond nucleic acid synthesis, tetrahydrofolaatti is also involved in the metabolism of amino acids, including the conversion of homocysteine to methionine. This process is important for maintaining cardiovascular health and proper neurological function. Deficiencies in folate, and therefore in tetrahydrofolaatti, can lead to a range of health problems. Megaloblastic anemia is a common consequence, characterized by the production of abnormally large red blood cells that are unable to carry oxygen effectively. Neural tube defects in developing fetuses, such as spina bifida, are also strongly linked to insufficient folate intake during pregnancy.

The body cannot synthesize tetrahydrofolaatti on its own and must obtain folate from dietary sources, such as leafy green vegetables, legumes, and fortified cereals. Once ingested, dietary folate undergoes a series of enzymatic reductions to be converted into tetrahydrofolaatti. Various medications, including some anticonvulsants and chemotherapy agents, can interfere with folate metabolism and lead to tetrahydrofolaatti deficiency.