tetrafluorinated

Tetrafluorinated is a chemist’s descriptor used for a molecule that contains four fluorine atoms. In practice, the term is most often applied to organic or organofluorine compounds in which four hydrogens have been replaced by fluorine, yielding four C–F bonds, though the fluorines may be attached to one atom or distributed across several atoms. The label denotes a fluorine count rather than a single specific structure and is used to describe a class of compounds that share this characteristic.

Common examples include tetrafluoromethane (CF4), the simplest tetrafluorinated methane derivative, and other tetrafluorinated hydrocarbons or derivatives where four fluorine atoms are present. The term also appears when describing partially fluorinated molecules that contain four fluorine atoms in total, even if the overall structure is more complex.

Properties of tetrafluorinated compounds are largely governed by the chemistry of fluorine. The C–F bond is strong and highly electronegative, contributing to chemical stability and, in many cases, low reactivity under normal conditions. Depending on the exact structure, tetrafluorinated compounds can be gases or liquids at room temperature and may exhibit low polarity and high thermal stability. Some tetrafluorinated species are potent greenhouse gases, while others are used as intermediates in synthesis or as specialty gases.

Applications vary by compound but can include roles as industrial fluorinating agents, reagents in organic synthesis, refrigerants, blowing agents for polymers, or etching and cleaning gases in semiconductor processing. The concept of tetrafluorination is related to perfluorinated (all hydrogens replaced by fluorine) and polyfluorinated (some hydrogens replaced) terminology.