tetanusimmunglobulin

Tetanus immune globulin, often abbreviated as TIG, is a sterile solution containing antibodies that specifically target the toxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium tetani. This bacterium causes tetanus, a serious infection that affects the nervous system, leading to painful muscle contractions, particularly in the jaw and neck. TIG is a form of passive immunity, meaning it provides immediate protection against the tetanus toxin by introducing pre-formed antibodies directly into the recipient's body.

TIG is administered intramuscularly and is used in several clinical situations. It is crucial for the management of individuals who have suffered a tetanus-prone wound and whose tetanus vaccination status is unknown, incomplete, or uncertain. In such cases, TIG neutralizes any tetanus toxin that may have been produced by bacteria in the wound, preventing or mitigating the severity of the disease. It is often given concurrently with an active tetanus vaccine (like DTaP or Tdap) to stimulate the body's own long-lasting immune response.

The antibodies in TIG are typically derived from human plasma donors who have been immunized against tetanus. The duration of protection provided by TIG is temporary, lasting for a few weeks, as the introduced antibodies are eventually metabolized by the body. TIG is generally considered safe, with common side effects including localized pain, redness, and swelling at the injection site. Allergic reactions, though rare, can occur. Its use is a critical component in the prevention and treatment of tetanus, especially in individuals with a compromised immune status or significant wounds.