teollisuudet

Teollisuudet is the Finnish term for industries, referring to the sectors of an economy that produce goods through processing, manufacturing, and construction. They are typically distinguished from the service and agricultural sectors and are characterized by capital intensity, skilled labor, and technology use. The primary focus of teollisuus is converting raw materials into finished products, though some definitions include construction activities within the broader industrial landscape.

In Finland, teollisuudenalat such as forest products (paper, pulp, board), metal and engineering, chemicals, machinery, electronics, and food processing represent core manufacturing activities. The sector has historically been a major source of employment, innovation, and exports, with many firms integrated along international supply chains. The economy has undergone a shift from resource-intensive heavy industry to higher-tech manufacturing and integrated services, while retaining significant capabilities in pulp and paper and metal production.

Recent trends affect teollisuudet globally and in Finland: globalization and global value chains, automation and Industry 4.0, digitalization, and a push toward sustainability and the circular economy. Environmental regulation, energy costs, and policy support for research and development influence competitiveness. European Union classifications and national statistics track industrial output, productivity, and investment to inform policy.