tenured

Tenured refers to a faculty status within many universities that provides permanent employment after a successful evaluation process. The tenure itself is designed to protect academic freedom, allowing scholars to pursue challenging or unpopular ideas without fear of losing their job. Typically, a new faculty member starts on a tenure-track appointment and must meet certain criteria in teaching, research, and service to qualify for tenure.

Tenure is usually earned after a probationary period, commonly six to seven years, during which performance is regularly reviewed. A departmental committee, often with input from external experts, assesses research output, teaching effectiveness, and service contributions, and makes a recommendation to grant or deny tenure. If tenure is granted, the appointment becomes permanent, subject to limited exceptions. If not granted, the faculty member may leave at the end of the contract term or transition to a non-tenure-track role. Post-tenure reviews may occur to ensure ongoing performance. Tenure can be revoked for just cause, such as serious misconduct or fraud, or for financial exigency, but typically only through a due process procedure.

Variations exist by country and institution. In the United States, tenure is a long-standing, formal pathway within many research universities, though exact procedures and protections vary. In other regions, systems may offer permanent contracts or indefinite appointments with different dismissal rules. The tenure concept remains the subject of ongoing debate, balancing the goals of protecting academic freedom and ensuring accountability with concerns about job security, efficiency, and budget pressures.