temporomandibulärlederna

The temporomandibular joints, often abbreviated as TMJ, are the two joints that connect your jawbone to your skull. Located just in front of each ear, these complex joints allow for a wide range of motion, enabling you to chew, speak, and yawn. Each TMJ is a synovial joint, meaning it is surrounded by a capsule containing lubricating fluid and is separated into two compartments by an articular disc. This disc helps to cushion and stabilize the joint.

The smooth functioning of the TMJ is crucial for many daily activities. The bones that form the joint are the mandibular condyle, which is part of the lower jaw, and the temporal bone of the skull. These surfaces are covered in cartilage, which reduces friction. Muscles of mastication, including the masseter, temporalis, and pterygoid muscles, control the movement of the jaw at the TMJ.

Disorders affecting these joints are known as temporomandibular joint disorders, or TMD. Symptoms can include pain in the jaw, face, or ear, clicking or popping sounds when opening or closing the mouth, difficulty chewing, and locking of the jaw. The causes of TMD are varied and can include injury to the jaw, arthritis, connective tissue diseases, or stress-related teeth grinding (bruxism). Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination and imaging studies. Treatment approaches range from conservative measures like pain medication and lifestyle adjustments to more involved interventions such as physical therapy, dental splints, or, in severe cases, surgery.