taxis

Taxis are motor vehicles licensed to carry passengers between locations on demand. They are typically hired at a street pickup or through dispatch centers and mobile apps. Fares are usually calculated by a meter or fixed rate and charged to the passenger or client.

Taxis operate under local regulation. Licensing authorities set requirements for vehicles, drivers, insurance, and safety standards. In many cities a medallion, plate, or permit limits the number of taxis. Vehicles often must meet accessibility standards, pass regular inspections, and display identification.

Dispatch and payment: Historically, taxis were dispatched by radio or phone; today many operate through centralized dispatch, digital platforms, or app-based hailing. Payment methods include cash, credit or debit cards, and mobile wallets; some taxis provide printed or emailed receipts.

Market structure and competition: Taxis are a core part of urban transport and public-safety networks. In some regions they compete with ride-hailing and private hire services. Regulation varies widely, from tightly controlled systems with limited licenses to more open markets.

Technology and safety: Modern taxis use GPS, electronic meters, and real-time trip data. Safety measures include driver background checks, insurance requirements, vehicle inspections, and, in some places, in-cab partitions or cameras.

Environment and accessibility: Fleets include standard sedans, minivans, and wheelchair-accessible vehicles. Many cities are encouraging electrification, hybrid propulsion, or zero-emission zones to reduce pollution and fuel use, while also promoting accessible services for passengers with disabilities.