taimetoitlus

Taimetoitlus refers to a dietary practice that excludes meat, poultry, and fish. There are several variations of this eating style, with the most common being lacto-ovo vegetarianism, which includes dairy products and eggs, and veganism, which excludes all animal products, including dairy, eggs, and honey. Other forms include pescetarianism, which allows fish but not other meat, and flexitarianism, which emphasizes plant-based foods but occasionally includes meat.

People adopt vegetarianism for a variety of reasons. Health concerns are a significant motivator, as well-planned vegetarian diets are often associated with lower risks of heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and certain cancers. Ethical considerations regarding animal welfare are also a primary driver for many. Environmental concerns, such as the impact of animal agriculture on greenhouse gas emissions and land use, also contribute to the rise in plant-based diets. Some individuals choose vegetarianism for religious or cultural reasons, while others find it a more economical way of eating.

Achieving adequate nutrition on a vegetarian diet requires attention to certain nutrients. Protein can be obtained from sources like legumes, tofu, tempeh, nuts, and seeds. Iron is found in leafy green vegetables, beans, and fortified cereals, and its absorption can be enhanced by consuming vitamin C-rich foods. Vitamin B12 is primarily found in animal products, so vegetarians, especially vegans, often need to consume fortified foods or supplements. Calcium is available from dairy (for lacto-vegetarians), fortified plant milks, leafy greens, and tofu. Omega-3 fatty acids can be sourced from flaxseeds, chia seeds, walnuts, and algae-based supplements.