tõrgetaluvust

Tõrgetaluvus, often translated as fault tolerance, is a property of a system that allows it to continue operating, possibly at a reduced level, rather than failing completely when some part of its hardware or software fails. The goal of fault tolerance is to ensure uninterrupted service. This is achieved through various techniques such as redundancy, error detection, and error correction.

Redundancy is a key principle in fault tolerance. This can involve having duplicate components, such as multiple power supplies or network connections, so that if one fails, another can take over. In software, redundancy might manifest as having multiple instances of a service running, or using techniques like distributed databases where data is replicated across several machines.

Error detection mechanisms are crucial for identifying when a fault has occurred. These can range from simple checksums to more complex monitoring systems that analyze system behavior for anomalies. Once an error is detected, error correction mechanisms can attempt to fix the problem or mitigate its impact. This might involve switching to a backup component, restarting a failed process, or using redundant data to reconstruct a correct state.

Fault tolerance is essential in critical systems where failure can have severe consequences, such as in aerospace, medical equipment, financial systems, and telecommunications. The level of fault tolerance required varies depending on the application's criticality and the acceptable downtime. Implementing fault tolerance can increase system complexity and cost, but it is often a necessary trade-off for reliability and availability.