sähköpinnoituksella

Sähköpinnoitus, or electroplating, is an electrochemical process used to deposit a thin layer of metal onto a substrate. This process is primarily used for decorative purposes, to improve corrosion resistance, or to enhance electrical conductivity. The substrate, often metal or plastic, is immersed in an electrolyte solution containing ions of the plating metal. An electric current is passed through the solution, with the substrate acting as the cathode (negative electrode) and an anode (positive electrode) made of the plating metal or an inert material. The current causes the metal ions in the electrolyte to reduce and deposit onto the cathode's surface, forming a uniform metallic coating.

The thickness of the deposited layer can be precisely controlled by adjusting the current density and the duration of the plating process. Common metals used for sähköpinnoitus include chromium, nickel, copper, zinc, and gold. Each offers different properties, such as hardness, corrosion resistance, and reflectivity. For instance, zinc plating is frequently used for corrosion protection on steel, while gold plating is employed for its excellent conductivity and aesthetic appeal in electronics and jewelry. The preparation of the substrate surface is crucial for good adhesion and a flawless finish, often involving cleaning and etching steps. Sähköpinnoitus is a widely used industrial technique across various sectors, including automotive, electronics, and manufacturing.