sähköpinnoitus

Sähköpinnoitus, also known as electroplating, is an electrochemical process used to deposit a thin layer of metal onto a conductive surface. This technique is widely employed across various industries for both decorative and functional purposes.

The fundamental principle behind sähköpinnoitus involves an electrolytic cell containing an electrolyte solution and two electrodes. The object to be plated is made the cathode (negative electrode), while a piece of the plating metal serves as the anode (positive electrode). When an electric current is passed through the solution, metal ions from the anode or the electrolyte are attracted to and deposited onto the cathode, forming a uniform coating.

The thickness and properties of the plated layer can be precisely controlled by adjusting parameters such as current density, electrolyte composition, temperature, and plating time. Common metals used for sähköpinnoitus include chromium, nickel, copper, zinc, gold, and silver.

Sähköpinnoitus offers several benefits. It can enhance corrosion resistance, improve wear resistance, increase hardness, and provide a more aesthetically pleasing finish to the underlying material. In electronics, it is crucial for creating conductive pathways and protecting components. For decorative items, it adds shine and value. The process requires careful control of chemical concentrations and electrical conditions to achieve optimal results and ensure environmental safety.