sähkökondensaattorikyvystään

Sähkökondensaattori, often referred to as a kondensaattori in Finnish, is an electronic component that stores electrical energy in an electric field. It consists of two conductive plates separated by a dielectric insulator. When a voltage is applied across the plates, electric charge accumulates on them, with positive charge on one plate and negative charge on the other. This separation of charge creates an electric field within the dielectric.

The ability of a capacitor to store charge is measured by its capacitance, denoted by the symbol C. Capacitance is expressed in farads (F). Factors influencing capacitance include the area of the plates, the distance between them, and the properties of the dielectric material. Common dielectric materials include ceramics, plastics, and electrolytes.

Capacitors have a wide range of applications in electronic circuits. They are used for filtering out unwanted frequencies, smoothing out voltage fluctuations in power supplies, storing energy for brief periods, and in timing circuits. They are essential components in devices such as radios, televisions, computers, and mobile phones. The way a capacitor interacts with alternating current (AC) is frequency-dependent, allowing it to act as a filter or a coupler in signal processing. Unlike resistors, ideal capacitors do not dissipate energy as heat; they store and release it.