synapsí
The synapsí, or synapse, is the junction where one neuron communicates with another neuron or with a non-neuronal cell. Most signals in the brain are transferred at chemical synapses, while a subset uses electrical coupling.
In a typical chemical synapse, the presynaptic terminal contains synaptic vesicles loaded with neurotransmitters. The synaptic
Electrical synapses rely on gap junctions formed by connexin proteins that permit ions to flow directly between
Transmission sequence: an arriving action potential opens voltage-gated Ca2+ channels, triggering neurotransmitter release via exocytosis. Released
Plasticity: synapses can strengthen or weaken over time. Short-term plasticity includes facilitation and depression; long-term changes
Clinical relevance: synapse dysfunction is linked to neurological and psychiatric disorders; understanding synapses informs treatments and