sydänlihastulehdukseen

Sydänlihastulehdus, known medically as myocarditis, is an inflammation of the heart muscle. This inflammation can weaken the heart muscle, making it harder for the heart to pump blood to the rest of the body. It can also cause the heart's electrical system to malfunction, leading to arrhythmias.

The causes of myocarditis are diverse and can include viral infections, bacterial infections, fungal infections, and parasitic infections. In some cases, autoimmune diseases, where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own tissues, can also lead to myocarditis. Certain medications, toxins, and even intense physical exertion in extreme heat can trigger the condition.

Symptoms of myocarditis can vary widely and may include chest pain, shortness of breath, fatigue, palpitations, and fainting. Some individuals may experience flu-like symptoms such as fever, muscle aches, and headaches before or alongside cardiac symptoms. The severity of symptoms does not always correlate with the severity of the inflammation.

Diagnosis typically involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, electrocardiogram (ECG), echocardiogram, and blood tests to detect markers of inflammation or heart damage. In some instances, a heart biopsy may be performed for a definitive diagnosis.

Treatment for myocarditis depends on the underlying cause and the severity of the condition. It may involve medications to reduce inflammation, treat the infection if present, manage heart failure symptoms, and control arrhythmias. Rest is often recommended to reduce the strain on the heart. In severe cases, more advanced treatments like mechanical circulatory support or heart transplantation might be considered. Prognosis varies, with many individuals recovering fully, while others may develop chronic heart problems.