svakhet

Svakhet is a Swedish noun meaning weakness. It denotes diminished strength or energy that can affect physical function, cognition, or overall vitality. In medical usage it often refers to reduced muscle strength or fatigue that limits daily activities. The term derives from the Swedish word svak (weak) with the abstract noun suffix -het.

Svakhet can be physical, neurological, or general/functional. Physical weakness involves reduced muscle strength or endurance; fatigue is a common symptom but not the same as sleepiness. Neurological weakness implies impaired movement or coordination due to nerve or brain conditions. Frailty in older adults describes a broader syndrome of decreased reserve and resistance to stressors.

Common causes include aging, chronic diseases (such as heart failure, diabetes, kidney disease), malnutrition or dehydration, anemia, thyroid disorders, infections, and side effects of medications. Psychological factors such as depression or anxiety can also contribute. Acute weakness may signal an emergency, for example after a stroke or heart attack.

Assessment typically involves a clinical history, review of symptoms, and physical examination focusing on muscle strength, often graded on the Medical Research Council (MRC) scale from 0 (no contraction) to 5 (normal strength). Laboratory tests and imaging may be used to identify underlying causes.

Treatment targets the underlying cause and may include nutrition optimization, physical therapy, resistance training, management of chronic diseases, hydration, and sleep improvement. In older adults, strategies to reduce falls and maintain independence are emphasized. Prognosis depends on the cause and timeliness of treatment.