suprachoroid

The suprachoroid, or suprachoroidal space, is a potential anatomical space in the eye located between the sclera and the choroid. In a normal, healthy eye this space is collapsed, with the choroid pressed against the sclera. The suprachoroidal space can distend if fluid, blood, or inflammatory exudate accumulates, and such expansion is implicated in several ocular conditions.

Anatomy and boundaries: The suprachoroidal space lies around the posterior segment of the globe, between the scleral outer surface and the choroidal inner surface. It is bounded internally by the choroid and externally by the sclera and is continuous along the globe, including near the ciliary body at the front. The space contains connective tissue elements and may harbor small vascular and lymphatic components under certain conditions.

Clinical significance: Enlargement of the suprachoroidal space can cause choroidal detachment, often associated with hypotony, inflammation, or postoperative states. Suprachoroidal hemorrhage is a rapid bleed into this space and constitutes a potentially vision-threatening emergency, particularly during intraocular surgery or following trauma. Management depends on cause and extent and may range from conservative observation to drainage in some cases. Imaging modalities such as ocular ultrasound (B-scan) can visualize the expanded space as a crescent-shaped area between sclera and choroid.

Development and variation: The suprachoroidal space is a normal potential space present in eyes, with variability in how easily it distends depending on age, pathology, and intraocular pressures.