subatlantic

Subatlantic refers to a biogeographical region that encompasses the western coastal areas of Europe, extending from northern Spain up to Norway, and including the British Isles. This region is characterized by its maritime climate, which is influenced by the Atlantic Ocean. Key features of this climate include mild winters, cool summers, and abundant rainfall distributed relatively evenly throughout the year. The proximity to the sea moderates temperature extremes, preventing the very cold winters and very hot summers found in more continental climates at similar latitudes.

The flora of the Subatlantic region is distinct, often exhibiting a preference for high humidity and consistent moisture. This environment supports lush vegetation, including temperate rainforests in some areas, with species like oak, beech, birch, and various conifers being common. In the western parts of the British Isles, particular types of mosses, ferns, and lichens thrive due to the damp conditions. The fauna also reflects the oceanic influence, with species adapted to the humid environment and the availability of marine resources along the coast.

Ecologically, the Subatlantic is important for understanding adaptations to maritime influences on terrestrial ecosystems. It is a transitional zone between the more continental European climate and the oceanic climate of the North Atlantic. The relative stability of temperature and moisture levels has allowed for the development of unique habitats and species assemblages. Human activity has also shaped the landscape, with historical land use patterns influencing the current distribution of forests and other vegetation types within the region.