stresszválaszt

Stresszválaszt, often translated as stress response or fight-or-flight response, refers to a complex physiological and psychological reaction that occurs in response to a perceived threat or stressful situation. This automatic response is designed to help an organism survive by preparing it to either confront the threat (fight) or escape from it (flight).

The stresszválaszt is initiated by the sympathetic nervous system, which triggers the release of hormones like adrenaline and cortisol. These hormones cause a cascade of physical changes. Heart rate increases, blood pressure rises, and blood flow is redirected to the muscles, preparing the body for immediate action. Respiration quickens to supply more oxygen, and digestion may slow down. Pupils dilate, enhancing vision.

Psychologically, the stresszválaszt can manifest as heightened alertness, anxiety, or a sense of urgency. While crucial for acute dangers, a chronically activated stresszválaszt due to ongoing stressors can have detrimental effects on long-term health, contributing to issues such as cardiovascular disease, weakened immune function, and mental health disorders. Understanding the stresszválaszt is key to managing stress effectively and mitigating its negative impacts.