stockage

Stockage is the act or process of storing goods, materials, or data for use at a later time. In logistics and supply chains, stockage encompasses planning, organization, and control of space, handling, and inventory to balance supply and demand and protect value during storage.

Physical stockage refers to stored physical items in warehouses, distribution centers, or other facilities. It includes storage types such as bulk storage, pallet racking, cold storage, and specialized spaces for hazardous materials. Efficient stockage relies on proper layout, material handling, and climate control.

In information technology, stockage also denotes the storage of digital data, involving servers, databases, cloud storage, and backup systems. Key concerns are data integrity, accessibility, redundancy, and security, ensuring that information remains retrievable and protected from loss.

Stockage is governed by inventory management practices, including stock levels, turnover, and replenishment. Tools such as warehouse management systems, barcodes, RFID, and FIFO or LIFO methods help maintain traceability, reduce waste, and optimize space, time, and energy use.

Cost and risk considerations include carrying costs, space utilization, obsolescence, and compliance with safety and environmental regulations. Effective stockage aims to minimize total cost while maintaining service levels, through techniques such as cross-docking, demand forecasting, and contingency planning.