stadsnät

Stadsnät, or city networks, are municipal-owned fiber networks in Sweden designed to deliver high-speed broadband to homes, businesses, schools, and public institutions. They typically operate as open access networks, where the municipal network owns the physical infrastructure and wholesale access is offered to multiple internet service providers, which then compete for end-users. This model aims to promote competition, transparency in pricing, and local digital development.

Most Stadsnät are fiber-based, providing fiber to the home (FTTH) or fiber to the building (FTTB). They are usually managed by a municipality or a public company owned by the municipality, with funding from local budgets and, in some cases, state grants or EU support for infrastructure projects. Revenue generally comes from wholesale charges to ISPs and, in some instances, from consumer or business subscriptions sold directly by the network operator.

The concept gained momentum with telecommunications liberalization and efforts to expand broadband access across Sweden, particularly in areas underserved by commercial providers. Proponents argue that Stadsnät stimulate competition, improve service levels, and increase resilience in critical infrastructure. Critics raise concerns about public borrowing, governance, and potential inefficiencies if networks are not well integrated with the broader market.

Regulation in Sweden emphasizes open access, fair pricing, and non-discrimination in wholesale terms, with oversight by national authorities and local permit processes for construction and operation.