spermicideonly

Spermicide-only refers to a contraception approach that relies on a chemical spermicide as the sole method to prevent pregnancy. The most common active ingredient is nonoxynol-9, which works by damaging or immobilizing sperm after ejaculation. Spermicide products come in several forms, including gels, foams, creams, films, and suppositories, designed to be placed inside the vagina before intercourse.

To use, a user inserts the product into the vagina prior to sex and follows the product’s timing instructions, typically needing to wait several minutes for it to take effect. Reapplication is usually required with each act of intercourse or as directed by the product guidelines. Spermicide-only contraception does not provide protection against sexually transmitted infections (STIs).

Effectiveness varies and is generally lower than many other contraception methods. Its reliability depends heavily on correct and consistent use. Spermicide alone is not considered a highly effective long-term method for most people, and real-world effectiveness can be less predictable than barrier methods, hormonal methods, or long-acting reversible contraception.

Safety and considerations: nonoxynol-9 can irritate vaginal and rectal tissues, and frequent use may increase the risk of genital irritation and potentially elevate susceptibility to some infections, including HIV, particularly with frequent intercourse. Spermicide does not protect against STIs. Some individuals may be allergic to the active ingredient or excipients in a given product. It can also weaken latex condoms, so users should follow product instructions and consult health providers if there are concerns.

See also contraception methods, barrier methods, and sexual health resources.