soojusvõrgud
Soojusvõrgud, known in English as district heating networks, are large-scale systems that distribute heat generated from a central source to multiple buildings through an insulated underground pipe network. The central source can be a power plant, a combined heat and power (CHP) plant, waste incineration facility, biomass reactor or geothermal installation. Heat is transmitted by hot water or steam at temperatures typically between 70 °C and 120 °C and absorbed by radiators, underfloor heating or heat pumps in the connected premises.
The concept originated in the early twentieth century in Europe, with the first large district heating system
Operationally, districts typically run on cycles of peak and off‑peak demand. Flow and temperature are regulated
Challenges for district heating include high initial capital investment, the need for skilled personnel, and competition