sondajele

Sondajele, in Romanian usage, refer to boreholes or drillings created to probe the subsurface. The term comes from sondaj, meaning to probe or survey, and is used in geology, hydrogeology, mining, and civil engineering. Sondajele are boreholes drilled vertically or at an angle to access subsurface materials, groundwater, or to obtain samples for analysis.

Drilling methods vary by depth and geology and include rotary drilling, percussion drilling, and auger drilling. Rotary and percussion methods are used for deeper holes and rock evaluation, while auger drilling is common in shallow, unconsolidated soils. The data obtained from sondajele typically include groundwater levels, lithology from cores or cuttings, and geophysical or hydraulic logs. Boreholes support groundwater supply, aquifer testing, mineral or geothermal exploration, environmental monitoring, and subsurface construction investigations.

The process generally involves planning and permitting, site access, drilling operations, casing installation, well construction, sampling and logging, and eventual abandonment or sealing. Equipment includes drill rigs, drill casings and screens, and borehole logging tools. Environmental and safety considerations focus on preventing contamination, managing drill cuttings, protecting adjacent structures, and ensuring proper sealing to prevent vertical migration of contaminants. Regulations commonly require quality control, record-keeping, and site restoration after completion.