småfibernevropati

Småfibernevropati is a medical condition affecting the small nerve fibers in the peripheral nervous system. These fibers are responsible for transmitting sensory information, such as pain, temperature, and touch, as well as regulating autonomic functions like heart rate, blood pressure, and digestion. When these fibers are damaged or dysfunctional, it can lead to a range of symptoms.

The cause of small fiber neuropathy is often unknown, which is referred to as idiopathic. However, it can also be associated with various underlying conditions. These include diabetes mellitus, autoimmune diseases like Sjögren's syndrome and lupus, certain infections such as Lyme disease and HIV, and some medications. Genetic factors may also play a role in some individuals.

Symptoms of small fiber neuropathy can vary widely depending on which nerve fibers are affected. Common sensory symptoms include burning pain, tingling, numbness, and increased sensitivity to touch. Autonomic symptoms might manifest as dizziness upon standing, excessive sweating or lack of sweating, dry eyes or mouth, and gastrointestinal problems like nausea or constipation. Diagnosis typically involves a neurological examination, a detailed medical history, and sometimes specific tests like skin biopsy or quantitative sensory testing to assess nerve function. Treatment focuses on managing the underlying cause if identified, and alleviating symptoms with pain medications, topical treatments, and lifestyle adjustments.