skullcaps

Skullcaps refer to two broad things: a type of head covering worn for cultural or religious reasons, and a group of flowering plants in the genus Scutellaria. The term in common usage can denote either or both, depending on context.

In headwear, skullcaps are circular or close-fitting caps worn on the crown of the head. In Jewish practice, the yarmulke or kippah is a widely worn skullcap that serves as a reminder of reverence and awareness of a higher presence. Variants and related items appear in other traditions as well; in some Christian settings, clerical skullcaps such as the zucchetto are worn by clergy, with colors indicating rank. Materials range from fabric and leather to wool or silk, and styles vary by culture and era. Wearing a skullcap can signify piety, modesty, or communal identity, and it may be adopted for personal or ceremonial reasons.

In botany, skullcaps denote the genus Scutellaria, commonly known as skullcaps. This genus comprises many herbaceous species in the mint family (Lamiaceae), named for the helmet-shaped lower lip of the flower corolla. Notable species include Scutellaria lateriflora (American skullcap) and Scutellaria baicalensis (Chinese skullcap). These plants have a history of use in traditional medicine and Western herbalism for purported calming or sedative effects. Modern evidence is mixed and varies by species; some products have been linked to safety concerns, including liver injury and interactions with other medicines. Use should be cautious, especially during pregnancy or when taking other medications, and products should be sourced from reputable suppliers.

See also: kippah, yarmulke, zucchetto, Scutellaria.