sklepione

Sklepione is a term used in architecture and construction to describe a vaulted ceiling or a vaulted structure. A vault is essentially an arched form that spans an opening or encloses a space. Unlike a simple arch, which is typically a semi-circular or pointed curve, a vault extends in a continuous curve or combination of curves along its length. This creates a ceiling or roof that can support itself and distribute weight effectively.

Vaulted structures have a long history, with early examples found in ancient Roman architecture. The Romans developed various types of vaults, including the barrel vault, which is a continuous semi-circular vault resembling a tunnel, and the groin vault, formed by the intersection of two barrel vaults at right angles. These early vaults were often constructed from stone or brick.

In Gothic architecture, vaulting became more elaborate and sophisticated. The ribbed vault, characterized by intersecting diagonal ribs that support the web of the vault, allowed for lighter construction and greater height. This innovation was crucial in the development of large cathedrals and churches, enabling the creation of expansive and awe-inspiring interior spaces.

The term sklepione can refer to different types of vaults, depending on their form and construction. Beyond barrel and groin vaults, other examples include fan vaults, particularly prominent in English Gothic architecture, which resemble an inverted fan, and dome vaults, which are spherical or part-spherical. The use of sklepione has evolved over centuries, with modern construction employing reinforced concrete and steel to create even more complex and daring vaulted designs.