skenben

Skenben, commonly known as the shinbone, is the larger and stronger of the two bones in the lower leg, the other being the fibula. It extends from the knee to the ankle and bears most of the body's weight, while providing attachment points for muscles of the front and back of the leg. The upper end forms the knee joint with the femur, with the medial and lateral tibial condyles articulating with the femoral condyles; the tibial plateau and intercondylar eminence are key internal features. The lower end contributes to the ankle joint with the talus, and the medial malleolus projects from this end. The tibial shaft has a sharp anterior border and a thick cortex, and houses a medullary cavity.

The blood supply to the tibia comes from the nutrient artery, entering the shaft through a nutrient foramen on the posterior surface, along with periosteal vessels from surrounding tissues. The tibia is a primary weight-bearing bone and transmits forces between the knee and the ankle. Muscles attach along its surfaces and at the tibial tuberosity and via the interosseous membrane to the fibula, enabling movement of the leg and foot.

Clinical relevance includes fractures of the tibia at the proximal region, along the shaft, or at the distal end, which can result from sports or trauma. Other conditions associated with the area include shin splints (medial tibial stress syndrome), osteomyelitis, and, in severe cases, compartment syndrome. Proper alignment and healing are important for restoring function after injury.