sivuhaarakasvu

Sivuhaarakasvu (lateral shoot growth) refers to the development of new shoots from latent buds along a plant’s stem or branches, resulting in side branches. It is a common feature in many woody and herbaceous plants and contributes to the overall architecture and crown structure.

Regulation of sivuhaarakasvu involves apical dominance, where growth from the apical meristem suppresses nearby dormant buds. When the apical bud is removed or weakened, or when environmental conditions change, dormant buds may break dormancy and produce lateral shoots. Hormonal balance plays a key role: cytokinins promote bud outgrowth, while strigolactones inhibit it. Light availability, canopy density, and resource status (water and nutrients) also influence the extent and vigor of lateral growth.

Functional role of lateral growth includes increasing canopy complexity, improving light interception, and affecting flowering, fruiting, and biomass distribution. In horticulture, controlled sivuhaarakasvu is used to shape plants, optimize yield, or create desired forms. In forestry and ornamentals, pruning and training strategies manage lateral growth to balance growth, form, and wood quality.

Practical implications: Pruning, training, or timing interventions can release or suppress lateral buds, depending on the technique and plant species. Genetic factors and cultivar differences mean that some species branch more readily than others.

Examples: In grapevines and many fruit trees, management of shoot growth and pruning controls lateral development; in roses and other ornamentals, lateral shoots contribute to bushiness and appearance.