silmänpohjien

Silmänpohjat, also known as the fundus, refers to the inner lining of the back of the eye. This crucial area includes the retina, the optic disc, and the macula. The retina is a light-sensitive tissue that contains photoreceptor cells, rods and cones, which convert light into electrical signals. These signals are then transmitted to the brain via the optic nerve, allowing us to see. The optic disc, often called the "blind spot," is where the optic nerve leaves the eye and contains no photoreceptors. The macula is a small, highly sensitive area in the center of the retina responsible for sharp, central vision, including reading and recognizing faces.

Examination of the silmänpohjat is a fundamental part of a comprehensive eye exam. Ophthalmologists and optometrists use specialized instruments, such as an ophthalmoscope or a slit lamp with a magnifying lens, to visualize this part of the eye. This examination allows for the detection of various eye diseases and systemic conditions that can manifest in the eyes. Conditions like diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, macular degeneration, and hypertension can often be diagnosed by observing changes in the blood vessels, optic nerve head, or the macula during a fundus examination. Early detection through regular eye check-ups is vital for managing these conditions and preserving vision.