sikkerhetsloven

The Sikkerhetsloven (Security Act) is a Norwegian statute that regulates measures to safeguard national security and essential societal functions from threats such as terrorism, espionage, sabotage and large-scale cyber operations. It provides a legal framework for preventive and reactive actions by state authorities, including police and security services, when constitutional order or democratic processes are at risk.

The act defines the scope of security work and identifies critical infrastructure, government operations, and sensitive information as areas of special concern. It authorizes information gathering, surveillance and other security measures under strict conditions, including necessity, proportionality, legality, and time limits. It also establishes rules for handling data, minimization, and privacy protections, with safeguards to prevent abuse.

Oversight and accountability are central elements. The act prescribes mechanisms for judicial review, parliamentary scrutiny, and independent supervisory bodies to monitor use of powers, ensure compliance with the law, and provide remedies where rights are affected.

Implementation and impact: The act is applied by relevant authorities in coordination with other sectors, such as law enforcement, national security agencies, and critical infrastructure operators. It is subject to continuous evaluation and public debate regarding the balance between security interests and civil liberties, transparency, and human rights obligations.