shootemup

A shoot 'em up, often abbreviated as shmup, is a subgenre of video games, typically characterized by a player character controlling a spacecraft or other flying vehicle, engaging in combat with a large number of enemies, and dodging a large volume of projectiles. These games often feature a scrolling viewpoint, either vertically or horizontally, as the player progresses through levels. The core gameplay revolves around skillful maneuvering to avoid enemy fire while simultaneously destroying opponents and collecting power-ups that enhance the player's offensive capabilities or grant additional lives.

The genre has a long history, with early examples appearing in the arcade era. Iconic titles like Space Invaders, Galaxian, and Gradius helped define the genre's conventions. Shoot 'em ups can be broadly categorized into vertical scrolling, where the player moves upwards or downwards on the screen, and horizontal scrolling, where the player moves left or right. Some games also feature static screens or arena-style gameplay, though these are less common within the core definition of the genre.

Key elements of a shoot 'em up include a simple control scheme, often limited to movement and firing, and a high degree of challenge. Enemy patterns and projectile barrages are designed to test the player's reflexes and strategic thinking. Power-ups are crucial for survival and progression, often appearing in a steady stream to reward skillful play. While many shoot 'em ups focus on abstract space combat, some incorporate narrative elements or different settings, such as underwater or aerial warfare. The genre continues to be popular among enthusiasts who appreciate its demanding yet rewarding gameplay loop.