Enemy

An enemy is a person or group that is opposed or hostile toward another person or group. Enemies can be real or perceived, and the designation is often relative, depending on identity, loyalties, or goals. The concept commonly implies confrontation, conflict, or threat.

Etymology: The term derives from the Middle English ennemi, from Old French ennemi, ultimately from Latin inimicus “unfriendly, hostile,” from in- “not” + amicus “friend.”

In use, “enemy” labels appear across domains: in warfare and international relations to describe opposing states or groups; in sports and competition for rivals; and in fiction to define the antagonist or opposing forces. The term can be neutral when describing a foe in a game, or emotionally charged in politics or propaganda.

In psychology and sociology, enemy images refer to simplified, dehumanizing portrayals of opponents that facilitate conflict or justify aggression. The distinction between enemy and adversary is sometimes important: adversaries may be opposed without hostility or moral condemnation, whereas enemies are frequently depicted as threats to be defeated.

Common expressions include “enemy of the state,” “arch-enemy,” and “the enemy within.” In many contexts, the label carries ethical and strategic implications, influencing decisions, rhetoric, and policy.