scaffoldning

Scaffoldning, often called scaffolding in English, refers to temporary structures used to provide access, support, and safety for work conducted at height. In construction, scaffolds support workers, equipment, and materials and come in several forms, such as frame scaffolds and system scaffolds. A scaffold is built from standards (vertical posts), ledgers (horizontal members), transoms (cross members), and planks. It may be supported by towers, guying, or suspensions. Safe use relies on proper assembly, regular inspection, and adherence to load limits, weather conditions, and electrical clearances. Most jurisdictions require guardrails, mid-rails, toeboards, and safe access, with trained personnel supervising erection and dismantling.

Educational scaffoldning, or scaffolding in pedagogy, describes the temporary support provided to learners to perform tasks beyond their current independent ability. The teacher or peer offers guidance such as modeling, prompts, hints, feedback, and problem-solving frameworks. As competence grows, supports are gradually faded to promote independence. Scaffolding is associated with the concept of the Zone of Proximal Development and is used across disciplines to support reading, writing, mathematics, and more.

History and terminology: The term scaffolding derives from the architectural scaffold, a temporary framework used during construction. While 'scaffolding' is standard in English, some languages spell scaffoldning, reflecting similar ideas in construction and education. Safety and standards bodies, such as OSHA in the United States or the Health and Safety Executive in the United Kingdom, regulate scaffolding practice, emphasizing training, inspections, fall protection, and accident prevention.