sativas

Cannabis sativa, commonly referred to as sativa, is a taxon within the cannabis genus. It is one of several taxa used for fiber (hemp), seed, and, in some varieties, psychoactive cannabis. Taxonomic classification of Cannabis is debated; some botanists treat sativa as a separate species, others as a subspecies or variety of Cannabis sativa. Distinctions are often based on morphology, plant height, and flowering time, though genetics vary widely among cultivars.

Typical sativa plants are tall and slender, with narrow leaflets and longer flowering periods compared with many indica varieties. They tend to thrive in warm, day-length dependent climates. Hemp varieties are cultivated primarily for fiber and seed and usually contain very low levels of the psychoactive compound delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC).

Cannabinoid profiles in sativa-dominant lines vary, but many historically associated sativas have higher THC relative to CBD, though plant breeding and hybridization have produced many drug-type cultivars with mixed profiles. Terpenes such as terpinolene, limonene, and myrcene contribute to aroma and may influence perceived effects, which are described as uplifting or energizing for some users and sedating for others depending on composition.

In medical and recreational contexts, sativa-dominant strains are commonly linked to increased mood, focus, and creativity, but effects are highly individual and influenced by dose, route of administration, and coexisting compounds. Legal status of sativa-derived products is determined by jurisdiction and is often linked to THC content; many places regulate or restrict cannabis by plant type, with hemp defined as containing 0.3% THC or less in some countries.

Etymology: sativa derives from Latin sativus, meaning sown or cultivated.