samráðsstjórnum

Samráðsstjórnum, often translated as consensus democracy or consociationalism, is a form of democratic governance that seeks to accommodate deep societal divisions within a single political system. This model is particularly relevant in plural societies characterized by significant ethnic, religious, linguistic, or ideological cleavages. The core principle of samráðsstjórnum is to ensure that all major segments of society have a voice and a stake in the decision-making process, thereby preventing conflict and fostering stability.

Key features of samráðsstjórnum typically include grand coalitions, where all significant political parties or societal groups are included in the executive government. This ensures broad representation and a shared sense of responsibility. Another important element is the mutual veto, which grants minority groups the power to block decisions that they perceive as harmful to their interests. This is designed to protect minorities from the tyranny of the majority and to encourage compromise.

Furthermore, samráðsstjórnum often involves a high degree of proportionality in political representation, ensuring that the composition of government bodies reflects the societal divisions. Finally, segmental autonomy is common, allowing different societal groups to manage their own internal affairs, such as education and cultural matters, within their respective communities. The aim is to create a stable and inclusive political order by managing diversity rather than suppressing it.